While mixedsignal designers are more prone to adopt time jitter as the figure of choice for assessing the stability of the sampling clock and ultimately the snr, rf instrumentation data sheets tend to rate the same phenomenon in terms of phase noise, expressed via the single sideband to carrier ratio sscr. Traditionally, sampling oscilloscope is the tool of choice for viewing and measuring optical signals. Jitter analysis methods for the design and test of highspeed serial. Jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed guide books. The jitter track shows the measured jitter in time with the acquired signal. Receiver jitter tracking characteristics in highspeed source. These types of interferers can be modeled by a uniform random jitter that is bounded, following a white amplitude distribution. In jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed, dr. Authors biography hai lan is a senior member of technical staff at rambus inc. Jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed guide. Reproduced by permission of pearson education, inc. Timing jitter is the critical performance parameter for clock recovery applications and sampleddata systems.
Onchip jitterspectrumanalyzer for highspeed digital. Advanced signal integrity for highspeed digital designs. Power supply noise, internal switching noise, crosstalk, signal reflections, optical laser source noise, etc. It provides many benefits in measuring optical signals with low noisejitter and various measurement features optimized to characterize the optical signals. Statistical signal and linear theory for jitter, noise. This property makes the jitter analysis of a clock signal much easier. Considered the original bible of high speed design issues, high speed digital design focuses on a combination of digital and analog circuit theory.
Signal integrity engineering for highspeed links christian schuster. Jitter analysis methods for the design and test of highspeed. Historical overview of jitter, noise, ber, and signal integrity. Signal integrity problems increase at higher frequencies. Over short distances and at low bit rates, a simple conductor can transmit.
Preface xvacknowledgements xxiabout the author xxiiichapter 1. Note that the jitter track shows a repetitive pattern just like the signal. Jitter noise and signal integrity at high speed by mike peng li free ebook download as pdf file. Characterize performance of highspeed serial and parallel bus designs characterize clock and data jitternoise and signal integrity characterize pll dynamic performance characterize modulation of spread spectrum clock circuits characterize jitter generation, transfer, and tolerance perform phy testing of pci express, serial ata, sas, fibre. High speed links which employ source synchronous clocking architectures have the ability to track correlated jitter between clock and data channels up to high frequencies.
The higher the ratio, the better the system immunity to noise. However, system timing margins are degraded by channel skew between clock and data signals and highfrequency loss. Periodic jitter is cyclical resulting from a crosscoupling or emi ac power lines, rf signal sources, etc. Jitter h see the blue trace and noise note that both of jitter and noise result in jitter on edge the combined response bottom right includes the jitter caused by noise. As a digital signal becomes attenuated and approaches noise level, the trigger point becomes unstable. How to calculate the period jitter from the sscr for high. Signal integrity engineering is the task of analyzing and mitigating these impairments. Moreover, as well as functions for evaluating the physical layer of high speed interfaces, the built in link trainingltssm analysis function supports all in one measurement of high speed network interfaces. An excerpt from chapter 1 of jitter, noise, and signal integrity at high speed by dr. Johnson and martin graham prentice hall, 1993 isbn 03957241 447 pages, hardback. Thus, conventional narrowbandwidth testers are able to analyze the sensor output. This book is not required for the highspeed signal propagation seminar, but it makes a terrific companion. Faster edge speeds generally also require higher currents to produce. Eye diagram with timing jitter and amplitude noise pdfs.
And9075 understanding data eye diagram methodology for. Insertion loss, ilf, represents the remaining signal after it travels thru the cable. Receiver jitter tracking characteristics in highspeed. Therefore, these modern highspeed digital designs require extensive signal integrity simulations to.
A synergistic approach to signal integrity for high speed digital designthis book is designed to provide contemporary readers with an understanding of the emerging high speed signal integrity issues that are creating roadblocks in digital design. Jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed isbn. Multigigabit signal integrity challenges 3 signal integrity degradation insertion loss inter incoming signal reflection tx signal 6g 8g 8. When used to express the stability of a high frequency crystal oscillator, jitter indicates a deviation or variation in the period of waveforms for a digital signal during transmission. The seminar treats a subset of the book material, and in a different way more. Consequently, the jitter on the low speed signal can be measured easily using conventional jitter measurement techniques and mapped back to its corresponding value relative to the high speed signal. Jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed a. High speed digital design and high speed signal propagation together comprise a good reference set for persons working with high speed digital technology.
The impact of crossing a reference plane cutout on the signal. Unmatched acquisition and signal to noise performance the superior signal integrity and excellent signal to noise ratio of the mso dpo70000 series ensures confidence in your measurement results. Here the basics of jitter and phase noise are explained. Stefan erb submitted as thesis to attain the academic degree dr. Signal integrity analysis multichannel highperformance. By default, the spectral plot shows the entire jitter content of the signal. Li provides powerful new tools for solving these problemsquickly, efficiently, and reliably. Jitter noise addition modules for signal integrity analysis of increasingly faster devices. With an unbounded pattern, it typically follows a gaussian distribution. Clearly ber depends on data rate, jitter, and noise in the communication system.
The impact of crossing a reference plane cutout on the. It provides many benefits in measuring optical signals with low noise jitter and various measurement features optimized to characterize the optical signals. Jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed paperback. To examine the lowfrequency jitter components, the spectrum can be zoomed and measured with cursors. Its often necessary to create long waveform files to fully exer. Analysis of a spread spectrum clock signal, showing the 39 khz triangular modulation on the 98 mhz clock. Unmatched acquisition and signaltonoise performance the superior signal integrity and excellent signaltonoise ratio of the mso dpo70000 series ensures confidence in your measurement results. Appendix c includes all the equations from the back of the book, with examples. Jitter and signal integrity mechanisms for high speed links 253. Jitter noise and signal integrity at high speed by mike. Highspeed digital design and highspeed signal propagation together comprise a good reference set for persons working with highspeed digital technology. List of matlab files to generate simulation figures.
This paper describes how these key channel effects impact the jitter performance and influence the clocking. Jitter noise and signal integrity at high spe by mirta hugh. A substantial advantage of these probes is a divide by two attenuation compared to factors of divide by 10 and 6. Jitter and noise separation and analysis in the time and frequency domains 163.
With todays highspeed serial buses, there is often significant energy at the 5th. Theory, analysis, methods, and applicationsjitter, noise, and bit error jnb and signal integrity. However, digital signals are fundamentally analog in nature, and all signals are subject to effects such as noise, distortion, and loss. This allows high resolution jitter testing for highspeed digital signals possible at low cost. Review of signal integrity concepts at frequencies in the gigahertz range, a host of variables can affect signal integrity. Index jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed book. Consequently, the jitter on the lowspeed signal can be measured easily using conventional jitter measurement techniques and mapped back to its corresponding value relative to the highspeed signal. Welldesigned systems have sufficient noise margins, called signal to noise ratio. Mathcad modelling scripts includes appendix c coded for mathcad v. A synergistic approach to signal integrity for highspeed digital designthis book is designed to provide contemporary readers with an understanding of the emerging highspeed signal integrity issues that are creating roadblocks in digital design.
Jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed a tutorial. The definition of ber implies that ber is a counting statistic so that poisson statistics may apply. The circuit transmits the clock signal to the gate driver where it clocks a. Jitter and noise separation and analysis in statistical domain 1. Jitter analysis methods for the design and test of highspeed serial links distribution tail fitting based on gaussian quantile normalization dipl. This means more of the signal amplitude is preserved. This allows high resolution jitter testing for high speed digital signals possible at low cost. The predicted supply noise induced jitter is shown to correlate well with the measurement data for a high speed io interface operating at 6. Signal integrity analysis of 28 gbits highspeed digital signal. Introduction jitter testing is essential for ensuring signal integrity of high speed. Jitter, noise and eyediagram analysis solution tektronix. It first discusses the jitter total pdf and its relationship with the pdfs of its component. Jitter noise and signal integrity at high spe by mirta. Li provides powerful new tools for solving these problemsi quickly, efficiently, and reliably.
Moreover, as well as functions for evaluating the physical layer of highspeed interfaces, the built in link trainingltssm analysis function supports all in one measurement of highspeed network interfaces. Appreciable noise on the clock will manifest itself as jitter. The resulting waveform resembles an eye, hence the name eye diagram. However, system timing margins are degraded by channel skew between clock and data signals and high frequency loss.
Signal integrity engineering is at all levels of electronics packaging, from internal connections of an ic through the package, the printed circuit board pcb, the. Using a highspeed scope for digital jitter measurements the following questions and answers were created from the live eseminar broadcast of october 22, 2003. Highspeed links which employ source synchronous clocking architectures have the ability to track correlated jitter between clock and data channels up to high frequencies. Highspeed digital design overview signal integrity. The intricacies of signal integrity in highspeed communications introduction as communication rates continue to increase, data is being moved within systems at ever higher speeds, which leads to issues with how engineers design equipment and printed circuit boards pcbs.
Statistical signal and linear theory for jitter, noise, and signal integrity 27. Gaussian distribution representing random jitter pdf 44 38 figure 217. Sparameter modeling and simulation for signal integrity analysis. Using a high speed scope for digital jitter measurements the following questions and answers were created from the live eseminar broadcast of october 22, 2003. Simulation for signal integrity analysis session 2mp2 by amir h. Digital bit stream jitter testing using jitter expansion. Mike peng li, jitter, noise and signal integrity at high. Characterize performance of high speed serial and parallel bus designs characterize clock and data jitter noise and signal integrity characterize pll dynamic performance characterize modulation of spread spectrum clock circuits characterize jitter generation, transfer, and tolerance perform phy testing of pci express, serial ata, sas, fibre. A method for fast jitter tolerance analysis of highspeed plls. A correlated periodic jitter is the coupling of an adjacent data signal from a clock of the same. Sparameter modeling and simulation for signal integrity. A guide to making rf measurements for signal integrity. Relation between rms period jitter and phase noise using the fourier series expansion, it can be shown that a squarewave clock signal has the same jitter behavior as its base harmonic sinusoid signal. Welldesigned systems have sufficient noise margins, called signaltonoise ratio.
Realtime oscilloscopes are preferred for ample debugtroubleshooting and to capture intermittent singleshot. When used to express the stability of a highfrequency crystal oscillator, jitter indicates a deviation or variation in the period of waveforms for a digital signal during transmission. In the past 15 years, the industry has seen interconnection speeds. Msodpo70000 series digital and mixed signal oscilloscopes. Signal integrity engineering for highspeed links christian schuster institut fur theoretische elektrotechnik technische universitat hamburgharburg tuhh global university lecture, joint ieee international symposium on electromagnetic compatibility and emc europe, dresden, august 1622, 2015. Each bit in the pattern has a jitter value that depends on the bit history. Cycletocycle timing jitter is relate to phase noise, we first derive the phase jitter for an oscillator with frequency f.
A sinusoid signal of a clock signal with phase noise can be written as. This book is not required for the high speed signal propagation seminar, but it makes a terrific companion. Up to 33 ghz, matched across 4 channels bandwidth enhancement eliminates imperfections in frequency response all the way to the probe tip. Signal integrity analysis multichannel highperformance bert. Jitternoise addition modules for signal integrity analysis of increasingly faster devices. Jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed by mike peng li. Nonlinear io modeling and adding jitter, noise w spar.
Gate signal jitter elimination and noise shaping modulation. But also the impulse response of the channel is very useful for the amount of the distortion, that needs to be compensated. The latter is known as uncorrelated periodic jitter which couples into the data or system clock signal. The units for a jitter measurement on a high speed digital signal are normally in picoseconds. Preface xv acknowledgements xxi about the author xxiii chapter 1.
Novel approach to address commonmode noise on high speed ios. The question addressed in this paper is therefore how sharp the edges of an eye diagram are, either for a desired signal or a crosstalk signal. In digital electronics, a stream of binary values is represented by a voltage or current waveform. Jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed by mike. The pdf of the sum of 2 independent random variable is. Edn jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed. Understanding signal integrity terms and measurements eye diagrams an eye diagram is the result of superimposing the 1s, 0s and corresponding transitions of a high speed digital signal onto a single amplitude, versus time display. Jitter, a key indicator for communications equipment. Jitter analysis methods for the design and test of high. Cmos voltage transfer characteristic and noise margin 3. Noise to jitter and jitter to noise conversion 4152015 introduction to jitter analysis consider. Clock and data recovery cdr circuits in serial highspeed interfaces such as sata 1 or fiber channel 2 use phase locked loops plls for synchronization.
Jitter caused by external factors such as thermal noise. Statistical signal and linear theory for jitter, noise, and signal integrity 27chapter 3. Jitter separation methods based on jitter pdf and ber cdf are introduced. Jitter and signal integrity mechanisms for highspeed links 253. Fundamentals of signal integrity mouser electronics. Jitter, noise, and signal integrity at high speed isbn. Prediction and measurement of supply noise induced jitter. Clock clk jitter and phase noise conversion application. Differential signals and differential eye pattern measurements differential signals offer superior noise immunity and overall improved signal integrity, which is highly desirable in the. May 17, 20 in jitter, noise, and signal integrity at highspeed, dr.